Local mesh / long-range radio network (LoRa)

Short-range, low-power off-grid data links between buildings or sensors on the property; not an internet substitute, but resilient to a wider network outage.

Cost
Medium
Upkeep
Occasional
Skill to build
Intermediate
Lifespan
10-15 years for LoRa radio hardware (low-power, few moving parts, but electronics still age out)
Embodied carbon
Low
Space / material use
Low
Output timing
On-demand/controllable
Skill to repair
Intermediate

Note: Cost, carbon and footprint are rated against the other options for this same need, not in absolute terms.

What your site needs

Line-of-sight or acceptable signal path between nodes on the property

Inputs

Outputs

Sources

What this page does not tell you

No sizing or quantities: how much a technique yields, and how much a household needs, both depend on the build and the people, so the catalogue compares options rather than dimensioning them. It carries no bill of materials and no build sequence, and it is written for an oceanic, clay-soil climate (Normandy, France). Regulatory notes are indicative and need confirming locally.