LED lighting

Low-power artificial lighting; can run on either AC or DC bus.

Cost

Low

Upkeep

Occasional

Skill to build

Basic

Lifespan

15,000-50,000 hours (roughly 15-25 years at typical residential use) per fixture; individual bulbs/drivers are the field-replaceable part

Embodied carbon

Low

Space / material use

Low

Output timing

On-demand/controllable

Skill to repair

Basic

Note: Cost, carbon and footprint are rated against the other options for this same need, not in absolute terms.

Inputs

• AC Electricity
• DC Electricity

Outputs

• Daylight

Sources

• General LED lighting industry lifespan consensus (manufacturer-published L70 ratings)

What this page does not tell you

No sizing or quantities: how much a technique yields, and how much a household needs, both depend on the build and the people, so the catalogue compares options rather than dimensioning them. It carries no bill of materials and no build sequence, and it is written for an oceanic, clay-soil climate (Normandy, France). Regulatory notes are indicative and need confirming locally.