Deciduous vegetation shading

Trees shade in summer leaf and admit sun once bare in winter; slow to establish, zero embodied carbon.

Cost

Low

Upkeep

Seasonal

Skill to build

Basic

Lifespan

20-40+ years to full canopy size depending on species; the trees themselves can live far longer than the building

Embodied carbon

None

Space / material use

Medium

Output timing

Weather/time-dependent

Skill to repair

Basic

Note: Cost, carbon and footprint are rated against the other options for this same need, not in absolute terms.

What your site needs

Space for mature canopy spread without shading winter-gain glazing or damaging foundations with roots

Inputs

none

Outputs

none

What this page does not tell you

No sizing or quantities: how much a technique yields, and how much a household needs, both depend on the build and the people, so the catalogue compares options rather than dimensioning them. It carries no bill of materials and no build sequence, and it is written for an oceanic, clay-soil climate (Normandy, France). Regulatory notes are indicative and need confirming locally.