Lowtech Graph lists low-tech options for every need of a home. Here you can compare them, find tutorials to build them, and link them together into a circular system. Why low-tech?

Entry transition / thermal buffer spaces (unconditioned buffer zones e.g. north-facing utility rooms; solar buffer spaces e.g. south-facing attached sunspace/greenhouse)

Unheated volumes placed between inside and outside so that the temperature step happens somewhere other than at the occupied wall.

Solutions