Lowtech Graph lists low-tech options for every need of a home. Here you can compare them, find tutorials to build them, and link them together into a circular system. Why low-tech?
Surviving what falls out of the sky: hail, and the branch that comes down in a storm. It is a property of the roof covering rather than of the structure under it, which is why it is decided when the roof is specified and is expensive to change afterwards.